英語の疑問文（B1レベル）

B1レベルでは、基本的な疑問文の構造を踏まえた上で、より複雑な疑問文の形式と用法を学びます。

1. 基本的な疑問文の復習

Yes/No疑問文

• 助動詞や be動詞を主語の前に置きます
  • Are you studying English?
  • Do you like pizza?
  • Have you finished your homework?
  • Can you swim?

Wh-疑問文

• 疑問詞（what, when, where, who, why, how）で始まります
  • What are you doing tomorrow?
  • When did you arrive in Japan?
  • Where does she live?
  • Who called you last night?
  • Why are you learning English?
  • How did you solve this problem?

2. 付加疑問文（Tag Questions）

B1レベルで新しく学ぶ重要な疑問文の形式です。

基本ルール

• 肯定文 + 否定の疑問文タグ

  • You are a student, aren't you?
  • She likes coffee, doesn't she?
  • They have finished, haven't they?

• 否定文 + 肯定の疑問文タグ

  • You aren't tired, are you?
  • He doesn't eat meat, does he?
  • They haven't left yet, have they?

時制と助動詞に応じたタグ

• 現在形：do/does

  • You work hard, don't you?
  • She speaks French, doesn't she?

• 過去形：did

  • You went to Paris, didn't you?
  • He studied late, didn't he?

• 完了形：have/has/had

  • You have seen this movie, haven't you?
  • She had visited London before, hadn't she?

• 助動詞を含む文

  • You can swim, can't you?
  • He should arrive soon, shouldn't he?
  • We will see you tomorrow, won't we?

特殊なケース

• I am... → aren't I?

  • I am right, aren't I? (I amn't? とはなりません)

• 命令文の付加疑問文

  • Close the door, will you?
  • Let's go to the cinema, shall we?

3. 間接疑問文（Indirect Questions）

他の文の中に組み込まれた疑問文です。直接疑問文と異なり、語順が「主語+動詞」の形になります。

間接Yes/No疑問文

• I wonder if/whether you like this song.
• Could you tell me if the train has arrived?
• She asked me whether I had seen the movie.

間接Wh-疑問文

• Do you know where the station is? (※「is the station」とはなりません)
• I'd like to know what time the meeting starts.
• She asked me how I had solved the problem.

4. 選択疑問文（Alternative Questions）

選択肢を提示する疑問文です。

• Would you like tea or coffee?
• Is she coming on Monday or Tuesday?
• Do you prefer studying at home or at a library?

5. 修辞疑問文（Rhetorical Questions）

答えを期待しない、意見や感情を表現するための疑問文です。

• Isn't this view beautiful? (= This view is beautiful.)
• Who doesn't like chocolate? (= Everyone likes chocolate.)
• How could I forget such an important day? (= I couldn't forget such an important day.)

6. 注意すべきポイント

• 主語が否定語の場合

  • Nobody called, did they? (theyを使います)
  • Nothing happened, did it?

• 時制の一致

  • 間接疑問文では、主節が過去形の場合、従属節も過去時制になることが多い
    • She asked what I wanted. (not: She asked what I want.)

• イントネーション

  • 付加疑問文は、確認目的（下降調）と情報を求める目的（上昇調）で異なるイントネーションを持ちます